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Diabetic retinopathy represents the damage to the blood vessels of the retina with the appearance of morphological and functional damage, up to the rupture and appearance of retinal hemorrhages and macular edema, which can lead to vision loss in patients with diabetes. What is diabetic retinopathy What are the causes of retinopathy in diabetes What…
Cardiac rhythm disorders, also known as cardiac arrhythmias, are due to the improper functioning of the cardiac electrical system that can appear de novo or in the course of the evolution of pre-existing cardiac (ischemic cardiopathy, valvulopathies, myocardial infarction) and non-cardiac (thyroid disorders, lung disorders) diseases. What are heart rhythm disorders? Why do arrhythmias occur?…
Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system that associates a series of manifestations that cause muscle weakness, numbness and pain syndrome in the upper and lower limbs. What is peripheral neuropathy? What are the causes of peripheral neuropathy? Symptoms of peripheral neuropathy The diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy Treatment of peripheral neuropathy What…
Testosterone is an androgenic (male) hormone found in both men and women, synthesized from cholesterol under the action of the luteinizing hormone produced by the pituitary gland. In males, testosterone synthesis takes place in the testicles, being ensured by Leydig cells capable of steroidogenesis due to the specific enzymatic equipment they contain. As in the…
Dementia is a disease manifested by cognitive impairment (loss of intellectual capacity) characterized by significant impairment of memory, attention, cognition and language. What is dementia? Why does cognitive impairment occur? What are the symptoms of senile dementia? Diagnosis of senile dementia Treatment of senile dementia What is dementia? Dementia is a disease manifested by cognitive…
Myopia is a frequently encountered vision condition, in which nearby objects are seen clearly, but more distant objects are blurred. This occurs when the eye focuses light rays incorrectly, in front of the retina, instead of focusing them on the retina. Symptoms of myopia in children and adults Causes of myopia What risk factors can…
Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure, is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body’s organs and tissues. When it occurs, heart failure leads to pulmonary stasis with an accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) and dyspnoea. Certain cardiovascular pathologies with chronic evolution such…
Numbness of the hands in medical terms is called paresthesia. Paresthesia is a term used to describe an unpleasant sensation of tingling, burning, stinging, numbness or cold in the skin that can be caused by polyneuropathies, spinal disorders, metabolic diseases or vitamin deficiencies. Depending on the intensity, extent and duration of the paresthesia, they can…
Diagnosed as such, erectile dysfunction is a disease of the 20th and 21st centuries, not because the disease was discovered only now, but because now its mechanisms are very well understood and several therapies have been developed to give results. Several major causes ultimately cause this erectile dysfunction, but the conclusion has been reached that…
Eczema is a term used to refer to several different types of skin swellings. It is a condition in which some patches of skin become inflamed, itchy, cracked, and rough. A few types of Eczema can also cause blisters. Eczema is also called dermatitis. Parts affected by Eczema Many types of Eczema cause dry, itchy,…